The custom was to capture women for marriage The so-called 'bridesmaid' took charge of the captured girl.

She first shaved her head to the scalp, then dressed her in a man's cloak and sandals, and laid her down alone on a mattress in the dark.

The bridegroom — who was not drunk and thus not impotent, but was sober as always — first had dinner in the messes, then would slip in, undo her belt, lift her and carry her to the bed.

The husband continued to visit his wife in secret for some time after the marriage. These customs, unique to the Spartans, have been interpreted in various ways.

One of them decidedly supports the need to disguise the bride as a man in order to help the bridegroom consummate the marriage, so unaccustomed were men to women's looks at the time of their first intercourse.

The "abduction" may have served to ward off the evil eye , and the cutting of the wife's hair was perhaps part of a rite of passage that signaled her entrance into a new life.

Spartan women, of the citizenry class, enjoyed a status, power, and respect that was unknown in the rest of the classical world.

The higher status of females in Spartan society started at birth; unlike Athens, Spartan girls were fed the same food as their brothers.

The reasons for delaying marriage were to ensure the birth of healthy children, but the effect was to spare Spartan women the hazards and lasting health damage associated with pregnancy among adolescents.

Spartan women, better fed from childhood and fit from exercise, stood a far better chance of reaching old age than their sisters in other Greek cities, where the median age for death was Unlike Athenian women who wore heavy, concealing clothes and were rarely seen outside the house, Spartan women wore dresses peplos slit up the side to allow freer movement and moved freely about the city, either walking or driving chariots.

Girls as well as boys exercised, possibly in the nude, and young women as well as young men may have participated in the Gymnopaedia "Festival of Nude Youths".

In accordance with the Spartan belief that breeding should be between the most physically fit parents, many older men allowed younger, more fit men, to impregnate their wives.

Other unmarried or childless men might even request another man's wife to bear his children if she had previously been a strong child bearer.

The Spartan population was hard to maintain due to the constant absence and loss of the men in battle and the intense physical inspection of newborns.

Spartan women were also literate and numerate, a rarity in the ancient world. Furthermore, as a result of their education and the fact that they moved freely in society engaging with their fellow male citizens, they were notorious for speaking their minds even in public.

Plato goes on to praise Spartan women's ability when it came to philosophical discussion. Most importantly, Spartan women had economic power because they controlled their own properties, and those of their husbands.

Unlike women in Athens, if a Spartan woman became the heiress of her father because she had no living brothers to inherit an epikleros , the woman was not required to divorce her current spouse in order to marry her nearest paternal relative.

Many women played a significant role in the history of Sparta. Herodotus records that as a small girl she advised her father Cleomenes to resist a bribe.

She was later said to be responsible for decoding a warning that the Persian forces were about to invade Greece; after Spartan generals could not decode a wooden tablet covered in wax, she ordered them to clear the wax, revealing the warning.

Laconophilia is love or admiration of Sparta and its culture or constitution. Sparta was subject of considerable admiration in its day, even in rival Athens.

In ancient times "Many of the noblest and best of the Athenians always considered the Spartan state nearly as an ideal theory realised in practice.

With the revival of classical learning in Renaissance Europe , Laconophilia re-appeared, for example in the writings of Machiavelli.

The Elizabethan English constitutionalist John Aylmer compared the mixed government of Tudor England to the Spartan republic, stating that "Lacedemonia [was] the noblest and best city governed that ever was".

He commended it as a model for England. The philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau contrasted Sparta favourably with Athens in his Discourse on the Arts and Sciences , arguing that its austere constitution was preferable to the more sophisticated Athenian life.

Sparta was also used as a model of austere purity by Revolutionary and Napoleonic France. A German racist strain of Laconophilia was initiated by Karl Otfried Müller , who linked Spartan ideals to the supposed racial superiority of the Dorians, the ethnic sub-group of the Greeks to which the Spartans belonged.

In the 20th century, this developed into Fascist admiration of Spartan ideals. Adolf Hitler praised the Spartans, recommending in that Germany should imitate them by limiting "the number allowed to live".

He added that "The Spartans were once capable of such a wise measure The subjugation of , Helots by 6, Spartans was only possible because of the racial superiority of the Spartans.

Certain early Zionists, and particularly the founders of Kibbutz movement in Israel, were influenced by Spartan ideals, particularly in education.

Tabenkin , a founding father of the Kibbutz movement and the Palmach strikeforce, prescribed that education for warfare "should begin from the nursery", that children should from kindergarten be taken to "spend nights in the mountains and valleys".

In modern times, the adjective "spartan" means simple, frugal, avoiding luxury and comfort. Sparta also features prominently in modern popular culture , most famously the Battle of Thermopylae see Battle of Thermopylae in popular culture.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the ancient Greek city-state. For modern-day Sparta, see Sparta, Laconia.

For other uses, see Sparta disambiguation. For other uses, see Spartan disambiguation. City-state in ancient Greece. The letter lambda was used by the Spartan army as a symbol of Lacedaemon.

Ephors Gerousia. Main article: Menelaion. Main article: History of Sparta. Main article: Spartan Constitution. Main article: Helots.

Main article: Perioeci. Main article: Agoge. Main articles: Spartan army and Spartiate. Main article: Women in ancient Sparta.

Main article: Laconophilia. The metics, i. There an amphitheatre was built in the 3rd century AD to observe the ritual whipping of Spartan youths.

History of western philosophy. Word study tool of Ancient languages. University of Oslo. In Bakker, Egbert J. A Companion to the Ancient Greek Language.

Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World. Etymological Dictionary of Greek. With the assistance of Lucien van Beek. Leiden, Boston: Brill. Archived from the original on Retrieved Lefkowitz, Mary R.

Black Athena Revisited. The University of North Carolina Press. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. A Latin Dictionary on Perseus Project. A Dictionary of Ancient Geography [etc.

Robinson [etc. Hesychii Alexandrini Lexicon in Greek. Jena: Frederick Mauk. Contributions toward a History of Arabico-Gothic Culture.

In Chisholm, Hugh ed. Cambridge University Press. David Cartwright, p. Franz Steiner Verlag. Encyclopedia Of Ancient Greece. Routledge UK.

Matthew Bennett, p. By Agnes Savill. In Pohlenz, M. Tusculanae Disputationes in Latin. Leipzig: Teubner.

At the Perseus Project. Hellenistic and Roman Sparta. Psychology Press. The Oxford Companion to Classical Literature. Pomeroy , Stanley M.

Powell, , p. In Kohl, Marvin ed. Infanticide and the Value of Life. NY: Prometheus Books. However this may be conflating later practice with that of the classical period.

Beth Cohen, p. Western Heritage. David Brill Archive. J Homosex. Schrader Markoulakis Publications. Retrieved September 14, Pomeroy Spartan Women.

Oxford University Press. In Spataro, Michela; Villing, Alexandra eds. Just a few more seconds before your game starts! This is taking longer than usual.

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Conquer the ancient world of Greece in Sparta: War of Empires, a browser-based MMORTS by Plarium. aus-travel.com OnRPG Twitter - aus-travel.com Sparta: War of Empires Will Continue. Archon, As you already know, Flash will be disabled in the near future. We want to inform you that the game will go on! Our teams are working tirelessly on a pair of solutions that will preserve the game you play and love. In addition, we realize how much time and effort you've put into your progress, and we are committed to ensuring that you can keep what you've accomplished. Game Description. Set in the 5th century BC, the ancient world of Greece is in turmoil, under threat from Xerxes and his giant Persian Empire. This is a world where politics and diplomacy prove as sharp as the blades of combat. Few men have dared to rise against Xerxes and his invading armies. The people need a hero – someone to stand up and unite Greece in the battle against his empire. Sparta was a warrior society in ancient Greece that reached the height of its power after defeating rival city-state Athens in the Peloponnesian War ( B.C.). Spartan culture was centered on. Sparta: War of Empires Well constructed game setting that draws inspiration from the Spartan universe and the likes of the film to deliver Voice acting for a number of game elements to bring the story of Sparta to life.

All trademarks are the property of their respective owners © Plarium - All rights reserved. The Persian king Xerxes has amassed a gigantic army that is marching straight towards your city. Defend its gates and lead your people to glory in this MMO game/5(K). Das MMO Spiel Sparta: War of Empires™ ist ein komplexes Massively Multiplayer Echtzeit-Strategiespiel (MMORTS), welches im antiken Griechenland des 5. Jahrhunderts angesiedelt ist. Xerxes und sein gigantisches persisches Reich befindet sich auf einem Feldzug, um Griechenland zu erobern.

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